RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Paper Code: 
25GEO 141
Credits: 
04
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Course Outcomes: 

Course Code

Course Title

Course Learning Outcomes

Learning & Teaching Strategies

Assessment Strategies

25GEO141

Research Methodology

CO1: Design research projects (problem formulation, hypothesis development)
CO2: Select appropriate methodologies (variables, sampling, data collection, reporting)
CO3: Apply statistical analysis techniques
CO4: Utilize geospatial technologies (RS/GIS) in research
CO5: Understand network analysis applications
CO6: Contribute effectively in academic discourse

Teaching Methods:
• Research design workshops
• Methodology case studies
• Statistical software training
• GIS/RS demonstration labs
• Digital research modules

Student Activities:
• Research proposal development
• Methodology selection exercises
• Data analysis projects
• Technical paper writing

• Research proposal evaluation
• Methodology justification reports
• Statistical analysis tests
• Geospatial application projects
• Final research paper
• Peer review assessments

 

 

12.00
  •  Research: meaning, Definition and Objectives of research,
  • Types of Research- Descriptive Vs Analytical, Applied Vs Fundamental,
  • Quantitative Vs Qualitative, Conceptual Vs Empirical Research,
  •  Research Design: Meaning, concept, need, designs for different type of research, library, aboratory and field research; advantages of designing research
12.00
  • Research problem and developing research proposal: selection of research area and topic,
  • statement of the research problem, its scope, steps involved in defining the problems.
  • Defining concepts, objectives, basic assumptions, delimitation and limitations of the
  • problem, hypothesis.
  • Variables: independent and dependent variables, Quantitative and Qualitative variables,
  • discrete and continuous variables, confounding variables, methods of controlling variables,
  • measurement of variables.
  • Sampling: meaning, characteristics of a good sample design, step in sampling design, types,
  • advantages
  • Techniques of Primary data collection: Questionnaire, schedules, interview, observation and
  • other methods;
12.00
  • Secondary data Criterion: reliability, suitability and adequacy of data.
  •  Processing and analysis of data: processing operation: editing, coding, classification and
  • tabulation of data, Cartographic Presentation of Data, elements of data analysis, role of
  • statistics in data analysis, statistical tables
  •  Report writing: types and format
  •  Probability: basic aspects, probability of combination of events, probability of random
  • variables, distribution of random variables.
  •  Measures of central tendency- mean, median, mode
12.00
  •  Common distribution functions: binomial probability distribution and normal distribution
  • curve.
  • Measures of dispersion: range, mean deviation, variance, standard deviation, coefficient of
  • variation.
  •  Regression and correlation: least square methods of fitting a regression line, curvilinear
  • regression, correlation methods, correlation coefficient.
  • Selected techniques of spatial analysis: concentration & dispersal of economic activities.
12.00
  • Combinational analysis
  •  Methods of measuring regional disparities & inequalities
  •  Network analysis
  •  Integrated area development planning, methods of delimiting regions.
Essential Readings: 
  •  Elhance, D.N., Fundamentals of Statistics, Kitab Mehal, Allahabad, 1972.
  •  Peter, J. Taylor, Quantitative Methods in Geography, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston,
  • 1977.
  •  Robert Hammond and Patrik Mc Cullagh, Quantitative Methods in Geography, Clarendon
  • Press, Oxford, 1974.
  •  Gupta, C.B., an Introduction to Statistical Methods, Ram Prasad and Sons, Agra, 1971.
  •  Peter Haggett, Andrew D. Cliff and Allan Frey, Locational Models, Vols. I and II, Arnold
  • Heinemann, New Delhi, 1977.
Academic Year: 
2025-2026