OCEANOGRAPHY (Theory)

Paper Code: 
25GEO221
Credits: 
5
Contact Hours: 
75.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 
Oceanography is designed to provide a comprehensive introduction to all branches of Oceanography, namely physical, biological, chemical and geological oceanography, for students.
Course Outcomes: 
CO31: Assess the origin of first order land-forms on Earth and morphology of major Oceans.
CO32: Enhance the understanding of ocean floor a well the property of ocean water.
CO33: Acquire the information about ocean circulation and all the oceanic currents.
CO34: Explore about Coral Reefs and Oceanic deposits.
CO35: Analyse the concepts about the Oceanic and Atmosphere interaction and about marine resources.
CO36:Contribute effectively in course-specific interaction.
15.00
 Basics of Oceanography
 Origin of ocean basins: theory of plate tectonics and seafloor spreading;
 Ocean morphology and bottom relief: Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean
15.00
 Origin and evolution of island arcs; Estuarine & coastal processes and landforms.
 Topography of the ocean floor: continental shelf, slope, rise, submarine channels, hills, ridges,
trenches and abyssal plains;
 Physical and chemical properties of sea water: temperature, Density, Salinity
 Relation between temperature, Density, Salinity
15.00
 Air-sea interaction and ocean circulation: currents, waves and tides
 Ocean current: cause, types, currents of Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Ocean,
 Effects of ocean currents
15.00
 Origin and growth of coral reefs; Ocean deposits: origin, type and distribution;
 Thermohaline circulation and the oceanic conveyor belt.
15.00
 Ocean and global environment: El Nino and Sea level changes; Oceanic regions & Marine resources
 Marine pollution
Essential Readings: 
 Pinder, G.F., and Celia, M.A. (2006): Subsurface Hydrology, Wiley, Hoboken, New Jersey, 485pp.
 Pinet, P.R. (2009): Invitation to Oceanography (5th Ed.), Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Sudbury,
Massachusetts, 609pp.
 Raghunath, H.M. (2006): Hydrology: Principles, analysis and Design (2nd Ed.), New age
International, New Delhi, 477pp.
 Davis Richard J.A.: "Oceanography - An Introduction to the Marine Environment" Wm. C. Brown
Lowa. 1986.
 Garrison, T.: "Oceanography - An Introduction to Marine Science. Books/Cole, Pacific Grove, USA,
2001.
 Gross, M. Grant: Oceanography, A View of the Earth, Prentice Hall Inc. New Jersey, 1987.
 King, C.A.M. Oceanography for Geographers, 1962.
 Sharma, R.C. "The Oceans" Rajesh N. Delhi, 1985.
 Singh, R.B. Natural Hazards and Disaster Management, Rawat Publication, Jaipur, 2006
 Ummerkutty, A.N.P. Science of the Oceans and Human Life, NBT, New Delhi, 1985.
 Singh, Savinder: Oceanography, Pravalika Publications, Allahabad, 2019
References: 
1. Garrison, T.: "Oceanography - An Introduction to Marine Science. Books/Cole, Pacific Grove, USA,
2001.
2. Gross, M. Grant: Oceanography, A View of the Earth, Prentice Hall Inc. New Jersey, 1987.
3. King, C.A.M. Oceanography for Geographers, 1962.
4. Sharma, R.C. "The Oceans" Rajesh N. Delhi, 1985.
5. Singh, R.B. Natural Hazards and Disaster Management, Rawat Publication, Jaipur, 2006
6. Ummerkutty, A.N.P. Science of the Oceans and Human Life, NBT, New Delhi, 1985.
7. Singh, Savinder : Oceanography, Pravalika Publications, Allahabad, 2019
 
E-CONTENT:
1. AdvancesinAtmosphericSciences–Bimonthly,SPSciencePress,Paris0256-1538
2. AtmosphericEnvironment–Annual,Elsevier, Netherland1352-2310
3. AnnalsoftheNationalAssociationofGeographersIndia–Biannual, NationalAssociationofGeographers,NewDelhi0970-972X
Academic Year: 
2025-2026