Lithosphere

Paper Code: 
CGEO 101
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

This course is designed for students to develop an understanding of the linkages between landscape form and processes.

 

12.00
Unit I: 
Origin of the Earth
  • Introduction to various theories: Gaseous, Planetesimal, Tidal and Big-Bang
  • Time Zone & International Date Line
  • Highlights of Geological Time Scale
  • Interior of the Earth

 

 

12.00
Unit II: 
Origin of Continents and Oceans
  • Theory of Isostasy
  • Origin of Mountains, Mountain Building Theories (Jolly, Kober, Homes).
  • Theory of Continental Drift (Wegener's Drift theory)
  • Introduction of Plate tectonics, Seafloor spreading

 

12.00
Unit III: 
Geomorphic Processes of the Earth Geomorphic Processes of the Earth
  • Diastrophic Processes of earth – Endogenetic and Exogenetic
  • Rocks: Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic
  • Volcanoes - Types and related landforms
  • Earthquakes

 

12.00
Unit IV: 
Denudation
  • Weathering- types and results
  • Erosion, Cycle of Erosion by Davis, Penck, L.C.King
  • Mass wasting/ mass movements

 

12.00
Unit V: 
Agents of erosion
  • Running water
  • Groundwater
  • Sea Waves
  • Glaciers
  • Wind

 

Essential Readings: 
  1. Khullar D.R.: Physical Geography, Kalyani Publishers, 2012
  2. Sharma H. S, Sharma Ganesh.: Physical Geography, Panchsheel Prakashan,
  3. Gautam Alka.: Physical Geography, Rastogi Publications,
  4. Bunnett, R.B.: Physical Geography in Diagrams, Delhi: Pearson Education, 2006 
  5. Strahler, A.N. and Strahler, A.H.: Elements of Physical Geography, Johan Wiley & Sons, 1984
  6. Ahamed, E.: Geomorphology, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, 1985
  7. Singh, Savindra : Physical Geography, Pravalika Publications, Allahabad, 2019
  8. Strahler, A.M., Modern Physical Geography. John Wiley and Sons. 1983
  9. Prajapati, R.V.:  Encyclopaedia of Outline Physical Geography, New Delhi: Cyber Tech Publications, 2010     
  10. Taneja, Ravi.: Physical Geography Jaipur: Sublime Publications 2006  

 

References: 
  • Alister,F. Pitty.: The Nature of Geomorphology, Routledge Library Editions: Geology, 2020.
  • Monkhouse,F.J.: Principles of Physical Geography, Platinum Publishers, 2009.
  • Lake,Philip. (1865-1949): Physical Geography, Wentworth Press.
  • Worcester,Philip.G.: A Textbook of Geomorphology, Nostrand Company New york,1948. 
  • Thornbury,W.D.: Principles of Geomorphology Second Edition, CBS Publishers and Distributors Pvt. Ltd.
  • Steers,J.A. (1899-1987): The Unstable Earth, Methuen, London.

 

Academic Year: 
2023-2024