Earth Systems

Paper Code: 
GEO-144 B
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

To provide a holistic understanding of the Physical aspect of the earth.

12.00
Unit I: 
Geomorphology
  • Continental Drift
  • Plate Tectonics
  • Endogenetic and Exogenetic forces
  • Denudation and Weathering
  • Geomorphic Cycle (Davis and Penck)
  • Earth Movements (seismicity, folding, faulting and vulcanicity)
12.00
Unit II: 
Climatology
  • Composition and Structure of Atmosphere
  • Insolation
  • Heat Budget of Earth
  • Pressure and Winds
  • Atmospheric Circulation (air-masses, fronts and upper air circulation, cyclones and anticyclones)
  • Climatic Classification of Koppen & Thornthwaite
12.00
Unit III: 
Oceanography

Relief of Oceans,

Composition: Temperature, Density and Salinity,

Circulation: Warm and Cold Currents, Waves, Tides,

Sea Level Changes,

Hazards: Tsunami and Cyclone

12.00
Unit IV: 
Biogeography

Ecosystem and Ecology: meaning and concept

Food Chain, Food Web and Ecological Pyramid

Trophic Levels, Energy Flows

Cycles- carbon, nitrogen and oxygen

12.00
Unit V: 
Meteorological Hazards and Disasters
  • Cyclones, Thunderstorms, Tornadoes, Hailstorms, Heat and Cold waves Drought and Cloudburst
  • Climate Change: Evidences and Causes of Climatic Change in the past
  • Human impact on Global Climate.
Essential Readings: 
  • Chandna R. C., (2002): Environmental Geography, Kalyani, Ludhiana.
  • Critchfield, H. (1975): General Climatology, Prentice Hall, New York
  • Husain M., 2002: Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Rawat Publications, Jaipur.
  • Lal, D.S. (2005): Climatology, Sharda Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad.
  • MoEF, (2006): National Environmental Policy-2006, Ministry of Environment and Forest , Government of India
  • Monkhouse, F. J. 2009: Principles of Physical Geography, Platinum Publishers,
  • Nations Environment Programme. University Press, Cambridge.
  • Odum, E. P. et al, (2005): Fundamentals of Ecology, Ceneage Learning India.
  • Singh S., 2018: Environmental Geography, Prayag Pustak Bhawan. Allahabad.
  • Singh, R.B. (1993) Environmental Geography, Heritage Publishers, New Delhi.
  • Singh, Savindra 2018. Physical Geography, Prayag Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad.
  • Strahler A. N. and Strahler A. H., 2008: Modern Physical Geography, John Wiley &
  • UNEP (2007) Global Environment Outlook: GEO4: Environment For Development, United Nations Environment Program.

 

References: 
  • Chandna R. C., (2002): Environmental Geography, Kalyani, Ludhiana.
  • Critchfield, H. (1975): General Climatology, Prentice Hall, New York
  • Husain M., 2002: Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Rawat Publications, Jaipur.
  • Lal, D.S. (2005): Climatology, Sharda Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad.
  • MoEF, (2006): National Environmental Policy-2006, Ministry of Environment and Forest , Government of India
  • Monkhouse, F. J. 2009: Principles of Physical Geography, Platinum Publishers,
  • Nations Environment Programme. University Press, Cambridge.
  • Odum, E. P. et al, (2005): Fundamentals of Ecology, Ceneage Learning India.
  • Singh S., 2018: Environmental Geography, Prayag Pustak Bhawan. Allahabad.
  • Singh, R.B. (1993) Environmental Geography, Heritage Publishers, New Delhi.
  • Singh, Savindra 2018. Physical Geography, Prayag Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad.
  • Strahler A. N. and Strahler A. H., 2008: Modern Physical Geography, John Wiley &
  • UNEP (2007) Global Environment Outlook: GEO4: Environment For Development, United Nations Environment Program.

 

Academic Year: 
2019-2020