Earth Systems

Paper Code: 
GEO 144b
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

Course Outcomes (COs) 

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

On completion of this course, the students will be able to: 

CO1: After studying this students will have understanding of all about the Tectonic activities and Earth movements. By this the understanding of origin of landmasses and their will going to understand by students 

CO2: student will understand the functions which is performed in atmosphere. All the climatic activity atmospheric circulation along this the climatic classification which is a important part of climatology. 

CO3: after finishing this unit students will acquire how the oceans, waves, tides, currents are originated and how  the  salinity, temperature work in oceans which kind of effects can by seen their differences. CO4: they will develop a knowledge towards the ecosystem and tropic levels which is exist in 

Biogeography. 

CO5: students will get an introduction to the different types of the disasters and climatic hazards. 

 

Approach in teaching:

Interactive Lectures, 

Discussion, Tutorials, 

Reading assignments, 

Demonstration, Learning activities for the students:

Self learning assignments, Effective questions, Seminar presentation 

 

Class test, 

Semester end examinations, Quiz, 

Assignments, 

Presentation, Individual and group projects 

 

 

12.00
Geomorphology 
• Continental Drift
• Plate Tectonics
• Endogenetic and Exogenetic forces
• Denudation and Weathering
• Geomorphic Cycle (Davis and Penck)
• Earth Movements (seismicity, folding, faulting and vulcanicity)
12.00
 Climatology 
• Composition and Structure of Atmosphere
• Insolation
• Heat Budget of Earth10
• Pressure and Winds
• Atmospheric Circulation (air-masses, fronts and upper air circulation, cyclones and 
anticyclones)
• Climatic Classification of Koppen & Thornthwaite
12.00
 Oceanography 
• Relief of Oceans
• Composition: Temperature, Density and Salinity
• Circulation: Warm and Cold Currents,
• Waves, Tides, Sea Level Changes
• Hazards: Tsunami and Cyclone
12.00
Biogeography 
• Ecosystem and Ecology: meaning and concept
• Food Chain, Food Web and Ecological Pyramid
• Trophic Levels, Energy Flows
• Cycles- carbon, nitrogen and oxygen
12.00
Meteorological Hazards And Disasters 
• Cyclones, Thunderstorms, Tornadoes, Hailstorms, Heat and Cold waves Drought and 
Cloudburst
• Climate Change: Evidences and Causes of Climatic Change in the past
• Human impact on Global Climate.
Essential Readings: 
 
• Chandna R. C., (2002): Environmental Geography, Kalyani, Ludhiana.
• Critchfield, H. (1975): General Climatology, Prentice Hall, New York
• Husain M., 2002: Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Rawat Publications, Jaipur.
• Lal, D.S. (2005): Climatology, ShardaPustakBhawan, Allahabad.
• MoEF, (2006): National Environmental Policy-2006, Ministry of Environment and 
Forest , Government of India
• Monkhouse, F. J. 2009: Principles of Physical Geography, Platinum Publishers,
• Nations Environment Programme. University Press, Cambridge.
• Odum, E. P. et al, (2005): Fundamentals of Ecology, Ceneage Learning India.
• Singh S., 2018: Environmental Geography, PrayagPustakBhawan. Allahabad.
• Singh, R.B. (1993) Environmental Geography, Heritage Publishers, New Delhi.
• Singh, Savindra 2018. Physical Geography, PrayagPustakBhawan, Allahabad.
• Strahler A. N. and Strahler A. H., 2008: Modern Physical Geography, John Wiley
• UNEP (2007) Global Environment Outlook: GEO4: Environment For Development, 
United Nations Environment Program.
Academic Year: 
2022-2023