CLIMATOLOGY (Theory)

Paper Code: 
25GEO122
Credits: 
5
Contact Hours: 
75.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 
1. Various dimensions of climatology like structure and composition.
2. Detailed analysis of global atmospheric pressure and wind system.
Course Outcomes: 
CO7: Assess the basics of Atmosphere, temperature patterns, heat budget and insolation on global level.
CO8: Explore the atmospheric pressure belts system, humidity, hydrological cycle, forms of condensation and global precipitation system.
CO9: Enhance the thorough understanding of cyclones, air masses and associated weather conditions 
CO10: Interpret the different type of climatic classifications.
CO11: Identify the factors responsible for climate change, global warming and acid rain.
CO12:Contribute effectively in course-specific interaction.
15.00
Unit I: 
UNIT 1
 Basic concepts of climatology
 composition s and structure of Atmospheric
 Temperature, Insolation and heat budget of earth
15.00
Unit II: 
UNIT II
 Atmospheric pressure, Distribution and general circulation of winds
 Atmospheric moisture: humidity, evaporation,
 Condensation: - forms of condensation; adiabatic temperature changes,
Hydrological cycle Precipitation: formation, types, Global pattern of
precipitation
15.00
Unit III: 
UNIT III
 Air masses: origin, growth and classification
 Tropical and Temperate Cyclones, Frontogenesis
 Associated Weather Conditions
 Frontogenesis
15.00
Unit IV: 
UNIT III
 Concept of climatic classification
 Major climatic regions of the World: Classification by Koppen, Thornthwaite, Trewartha
15.00
Unit V: 
UNIT 5
 Climatic changes: Adaptation, Preparedness and Mitigation
 Factors responsible for climate changes
 IMD site data
 Anthropogenic urban climate change
 Micro-climatic changes
 Global warming, Ozone depletion, Acid rain
Essential Readings: 
 Khullar D.R.: Physical GeographY, Kalyani Publishers, 2012
 Bunnett, R.B Physical Geography in Diagrams, Delhi: Pearson Education, 2006
 Strahler, A.N. and Strahler, A.H.: Elements of Physical Geography, Johan Wiley & Sons, 1984
 Ahamed, E. Geomorphology, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, 1985
 Singh, Savinder : Climatology, Pravalika Publications, Allahabad, 2019
 Strahler, A.M.: Modern Physical Geography. John Wiley and Sons. 1983
 Prajapati,R.V: Encyclopedia of Outline Physical Geography, New Delhi : Cyber Tech Publications.
 Critchfield, J.H.: General Climatology, Prentice Hall, India, New Delhi, 1993. • Das, P.K.: Monsoons
National Book Trust, New Delhi, 1987.
 India Met. Deptt.: Climatological Tables of Observatories in India, Govt. of India, 1968.
 Lal, D.S.: Climatology, Chaitanya Publications, Allahabad, 1986.
 Kumar, B and Singh, R.B. Urban Development and Anthropogenic Climate Change, Mahak Pub,
New Delhi, 2001.
 Sen Roy., S. and Singh, R. B. Climate Variability, Extremes Events and Agricultural • Productivity in
mountain Resgion, Oxford & IBN Pub, New Delhi, 2002.
References: 
1. Barry, R. G., and Chorley, R. J. (2009). Atmosphere, Weather and Climate (9th Edition. New York,
USA: Routledge.
2. Critchfield, H. J. (1987). General Climatology, New Delhi, India : Prentice-Hall of India
3. Oliver J. E. and Hidore J. J., 2002: Climatology: An Atmospheric Science, Pearson Education, New
Delhi.
4. Strahler, A.N. (1987). Modern Physical Geography. New York and Singapore: John Wiley and Sons.
5. Lutgens, F. K. Tarbuck E. J. and Tasa D., (2009). The Atmosphere: An Introduction to Meteorology.
Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, USA: Prentice-Hall.
 
E-CONTENT:
1. AdvancesinAtmosphericSciences–Bimonthly,SPSciencePress,Paris0256-1538
2. AtmosphericEnvironment–Annual, Elsevier, Netherland1352-2310
3. Annals of the National Association of Geographers India –Biannual, National Association of
Geographers,NewDelhi0970-972X
change/
Academic Year: 2025-26
Academic Year: 
2025-2026