ATMOSPHERE AND HYDROSPHERE (Theory)

Paper Code: 
25CGEO201
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

This paper will acquaint the students with the global climatic conditions and the oceanography.

 

Course Outcomes: 

Course

Course Outcomes (Cos)

Learning & Teaching Strategies

Assessment Strategies

Course

Code

Course Title

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

25

CGEO 201

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Atmosphere & Hydrosphere (Theory)

CO11: Analyse the basics of Atmosphere, temperature patterns, heat budget and insolation on global level.

CO12:         Assess                    the atmospheric pressure belts system, different types of clouds, humidity, monsoon of India and global wind system. CO13: Explore the basic understanding of cyclones, world climate, and types of precipitation, global warming. CO14: Interpret about the configuration of ocean floor of the world, ocean temperature, salinity and movements of oceanic currents.

CO15: Assess the importance of geostrategic views of oceans and Antarctica.

CO16: Contribute effectively in course-specific interaction.

Approach in Teaching:

Interactive                    lectures, Discussion, Demonstrations.

 

 

Learning                   activities for the students:

Self-                    learning assignments, Seminar presentation.

Class              Test,

Semester                         end examinations, Quiz, Assignments, Presentation, Individual projects.

 

12.00
Unit I: 
Atmosphere

·         Composition and Structure of Atmosphere

·         Insolation

·         Introduction to Heat budget of the earth

·         Factors affecting Temperature

·         Horizontal and Vertical distribution of atmospheric temperature

·         Inversion of Temperature, Heat waves and Drought

Temperatures: world patterns- July and January

12.00
Unit II: 
  • Atmospheric pressure belts of the world
  • Planetary and local winds
  • Monsoons and Jet streams
  • Clouds
  • Humidity
  • Rainfall: Types and Distribution
  • Air masses

 

12.00
Unit III: 
  • Extreme weather events: Temperate and tropical cyclones.
  • Precipitation: types and distribution.
  • Koppen’s and Thornthwaite’s classification of world climate.
  • Impact of Climate change
  • Global warming.

 

12.00
Unit IV: 
Hydrosphere –Introduction to Oceanography
  • Temperature, Density and Salinity of Ocean water.
  • Oceanic Relief: Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean & Pacific Ocean.
  • Ocean Movements: Waves, Currents, Sea level changes and Tides.

 

12.00
Unit V: 
  • Ocean Deposits.
  • Coral Reefs.
  • Geo strategic significance of oceans and Antarctica.
Essential Readings: 

ESSENTIAL READINGS

 

  • Critchfeild, H.- General Climatology, Prentice Hall, New York, 2002
  • Mathur, J.R.: Climatology, McGraw Hill, New York (Latest Edition)
  • Patterson, S.: Introduction to Meterology, McGraw Hill Book Co. London (Latest Edition)
  • Striger, E.T.: Foundation of Climatology, Surjeet Publications, Delhi, 1982
  • Thurman, H.B.: Introductory Oceanography, Charles Webber E. Mem Publishing Co. 1984
  • Gerald, S.: General Oceanography: An Introduction, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980
  • Lal, D.S, Climatology, Allahbad Publications
  • Singh, Savinder: Physical Geography, Pravalika Publications, Allahabad, 2019
  • Trewartha, G.T. and Ikrata: Introduction to climate, International Studies

 

SUGGESTED READINGS

  • Trewartha, T. Glenn and Horn, Lyle.H.: An Introduction to Climate, 5th Edition International Student Edition.
  • Critchfield, J. Howard.: General Climatology 4th Edition, Pearson Publications.
  • Kindrew, G.W.: The Climates of the Continents, Palala Press.
  • Chorley, Richard.J.: Water, Earth and Man, Routledge Revivals.
  • Sharma, R.C. and Vatal, M.: Oceanography for Geographers, Subject Publications.

 

JOURNALS

 

  • Advances in Atmospheric Sciences – Bimonthly, SP Science Press, Paris 0256-1538
  • Atmospheric Environment – Annual, Elsevier, Netherland 1352-2310

 

  • Annals of the National Association of Geographers India – Biannual, National Association of Geographers, New Delhi 0970-972X

 

References: 
Academic Year: 
2025-2026